What can a customer use to specify allowed clients and access types for NetApp Cloud Volumes Service?

The correct answer is the export policy. In the context of NetApp Cloud Volumes Service, an export policy is a critical mechanism that allows customers to define which clients can access the volumes and determine the type of access they have, such as read, write, or no access at all. This granularity in defining permissions helps organizations ensure that their data is secure and only accessible by authorized users or systems.

Export policies are particularly useful in cloud environments where multiple clients may need to access shared storage resources. By setting specific rules in the export policy, administrators can manage the access rights effectively, controlling everything from individual IP addresses to entire subnets.

While options like Kerberos, Active Directory, and Access Control Lists (ACLs) are important components in managing security and access in various environments, they serve different purposes or operate in different contexts. Kerberos is primarily used for authentication rather than defining access policies, Active Directory is a directory service for user management, and ACLs are more about specifying permissions on specific files or resources within a file system rather than managing access at the volume or export level. Therefore, the export policy stands out as the most appropriate choice for specifying allowed clients and their access types in the NetApp Cloud Volumes Service.